'Causes of Tension Between Cuba and the United States Essay\r'

'On January 9, 1959, following their successful overthrow of the dictatorial Batista regime, a proscriptiond of freedom fighters, anchored by Fidel Castro, marched through the Cuban capital metropolis of Havana. Upon his arrival, Castro immediately seized control of the Cuban governing and declared himself the highest executive of the island dry land, Premier of Cuba. In April of 1959, Castro visited the fall in States in order to pull in support for his policies in leading Cuba. The mass of Americans warmly embraced Castro, â€Å"assuming that this charismatic drawing card would guide Cuba to democracy” (Cuba). Some Americans re chief(prenominal)ed buttoned-down in accepting Castro, however, primarily insane by his previously demonstrated collective sympathies. In the following month, Americans were given reasons to make anti-Castro as the Premier took hold American owned bread meantations, Cuba’s multi-national companies, and the nation’s petroleum holdings (Cuba). By the determination of 1959, the nation began to show signs of commie involvement. Communist affiliated groups took control of the nation’s military, bureaucracy, and labor movement, and Soviet interest in the island increased.\r\nIn February of 1960, â€Å"Anastas Mikoyan, vice-prime minister of the Soviet league, came to Cuba. . . . A major topic [of the meeting] was the Soviet Union’s purchase of Cuban lettuce and [the Cuban] purchase of Russian oil” (Franqui 66). pastime the meeting, the Soviet Union entered into a plow agreement with the USSR, cause the United States to drastically limit the import of Cuban sugar into the nation. In response, Cuba nationalized all remaining American properties and negotiated an expanded trade agreement and loans with the Soviets, causing the United States to break all diplomatic relations with the country (Cuba). Before the closing curtain of 1960, the USSR had begun sending military aid to the Cu bans. (Cuba)\r\nâ€Å"The U. S. governance was by now convinced that Cuba had vex a Communist state” (Dolan 92-93). The falling of Cuba into a Communist regime prove extremely important to the U. S., primarily collectable to Cuba’s proximity to the United States, save 90 miles. In addition, â€Å"there were reports that the Soviet Union intended to make a theatrical production base prohibited of Cuba for the nationalization of the other Latin-American countries and rumors that construction projects wrong Cuba appeared to be designed for launching missiles” (Rivero 170). To mental block the spread of Communism in the western sandwich Hemisphere, Americans matte that â€Å"the island’s political relation had to be toppled” (Dolan 93).\r\nUpon hearing from Cuban exiles that a owing(p) deal of unrest had been pre direct on the island, Washington saw the time as ripe for an invasion attempt (Rivero 183). The U.S. organization put the Cent ral Intelligence tallyice staff in charge of plotting the attempt, along with officers from the Pentagon. The remnant of the CIA- stick outned attempt would be to mask American involvement in the coup, so that the United States could not encounter accusations of â€Å"illegally endangering the reign of an established foreign government” (Dolan 93). The visualise entailed using Cuban exiles to carry out an uprising, seemingly attempting to liberate their country.\r\nFollowing the mean of the invasion, the CIA utilized their Guatemalan bases in grooming 1,300 exiles (Dolan 93). new-mades of the supposedly secret plan leaked to Castro, who â€Å"accused Washington of planning the defeat sort of intervention in the island’s aff send outs” and damned the United States for â€Å" move the attitude of neutrality it had long professed in regard to Cuba” (93). The Premier put the island’s defense threads on alert and enjoin them to prepare and be r eady for an storm. On March 29, 1961, death chair John F. Kennedy gave the CIA permit to proceed with the launch the Cuban invasion. Changes were do to the plan however, the most important beingness the ban of U.S. channel support of the campaign, excluding logical argument attacks on cardinal Cuban line of credit bases (Rivero 184). Along with the ban came the necessity of â€Å"a simultaneous mass uprising by the Cuban people” (184); without mass frequent support, the invasion was doomed to loser.\r\nTwo long time prior to the invasion, B-26 bombers attacked three crucial Cuban air bases, San Antonio, Cuba’s main base, camping Liberty in Havana, Castro’s main headquarters, and the military airport at capital of Chile de Cuba (Rivero 184). A second wave of B-26 strikes was plotted as well, but was called off by President Kennedy, who was suspected to have â€Å"felt that strong U.S. participation would threaten a war with Russia” (Dolan 95). The cancellation of the second group of air strikes left Castro with one-third of his air king and the goal of destroying the entire air force unfulfilled.\r\nTwo days after the air strikes took place, approximately 1,500 CIA-supported Cuban exiles landed rough the bay laurel of Pigs. The men were accompanied by â€Å"old, unmarked American B-26 bombers that dropped leaflets urging the Cuban people to rise against Castro and join the attack force” (Dolan 93). The invaders assumed that the leaflets would draw the far-flung support of Cubans unhappy with their government. In the three days in which the people would supposedly aid in holding off Castro’s forces, the invaders were to set up a provisional government and appeal for American help. From there, the United States would recognize the provisional government and intervene in overthrowing the Castro regime (93).\r\nThe CIA plan assumed excessively, mostly cod to the optimism derived from the representationâ₠¬â„¢s previous successes in staging coups in Guatemala and Iran, and all of the invasion plans resulted in complete failure: â€Å"The expected avail did not come from the island’s dissidents. On being hit by Castro’s air force, the attackers asked that U.S. Navy jets be sent to help them.” The planes, however, never appeared, due to the Kennedy-issued ban on U.S. air involvement (Dolan 95). later on two days, Castro’s forces had thoroughly curb the attack, killing 150 of the men, and capturing approximately 1,200 of the attackers (95).\r\n agree to the authors of Cuba and the United States: Troubled Neighbors, â€Å"Kennedy had never wish the idea” (Dolan 95) of an American-sponsored invasion of Cuba, mostly due to his belief that it would undoubtedly fail. The plan had been created nether the Eisenhower administration, and Kennedy had little input in its creation. Nevertheless, the President allowed the â€Å"invasion” to occur, and â⠂¬Å"despite his opposition to the in all affair, he accepter full responsibility for its failure because he was in office at the time it was staged” (95). While Kennedy had been cognizant that the plan he approved would be some(prenominal) secret and successful, â€Å"he detect too late that it was too gigantic to remain secret and too dinky to succeed” (Wyden 310).\r\nKennedy was greatly upset by the failure of the invasion, and he held himself personally responsible, for both the lives of the men who died as well as for the 1,200 men whom â€Å"his government had helped send to their chains” (qtd. in 310). Kennedy viewed the failure as â€Å"the net failure of his career” (310), and from the defeat, â€Å"his prestige suffered a severe blow” (Dolan 96). About a year and a half later, however, â€Å"he was to regain that lost prestige” (96), in his impressive handling of the Cuban missile Crisis.\r\nWorks Consulted\r\nCuba Exhibit à ¢â‚¬ memoir. The Sixth narrative Museum at Dealey Plaza. 2001 .\r\nDolan, Edward E., and Margaret M. Scariano. Cuba and the United States: Troubled Neighbors. New York: Franklin Watts, 1987.\r\nFranqui, Carlos. Family Portrait with Fidel. New York: Random House, 1984.\r\nRivero, Nicholas. Castro’s Cuba: An American Dilemma. New York: Van Rees P, 1962.\r\nSierra, J.A.. Timetable History of Cuba: After the Revolution. 27 Aug. 2001 < www.historyofcuba.com/history/timetbl4.htm>\r\nWyden, Peter. Bay of Pigs: The Untold Story. New York: Simon, 1979.\r\n'